በራሪ ወረቀቱን ለእርስዎ ለመላክ እና ስንት ሰዎች ኢሜሎቻችንን ሲከፍቱ ለማየት የኢሜል አድራሻዎን ብቻ እንጠቀማለን ፡፡ ሙሉ የግላዊነት ፖሊሲ እዚህ ሊታይ ይችላል ። ሐሳብዎን በማንኛውም ጊዜ መለወጥ እና ምርጫዎችዎን ማዘመን ወይም ከደንበኝነት ምዝገባ መውጣት ይችላሉ ፡፡

ሌባኖን

Syrian girls at a community centre in Lebanon. Photo: Russell Watkins/DfID

የ GAGE ሊባኖስ አጠቃላይ እይታን ያውርዱ

 

ሀገራዊ ሁኔታ፡ ሌባኖን በሜዲትራንያን ምስራቅ ጠረፍ የምትገኝ ትንሽ ከተማ ስትሆን ከሶሪያ ጋር ረጅም ወሰን አላት፡፡ በነፍስ ወከፍ ገቢ ደረጃ ካየነው፤ ሌባኖን ብዙ ስደተኞችን በመያዝ ከአለም የመጀመሪያ ሀገር ነች፡፡ ወደ 1 ሚሊዮን የሚሆኑ የሶሪያ ስደተኞች እና 175000 የፍልስጤም ስደተኞች በሌባኖን ይገኛሉ፡፡ በሀገሪቱ የህዝብ ቆጠራ ተካሂዶ ስለማያውቅ የሌባኖን ታዳጊዎች ቁጥር በትክክል አይታወቅም፡፡

ትምህርትና መማር፡ በመጀመሪያ ደረጃ ትምህርትም ቢሆን ሌባኖን የአለማቀፍ ቀበላ መጠንን አላሟላችም፡፡ የመጀመሪያ ደረጃ ትምህርት የሚከታተሉት ከ90% በታች ነው (ከ95% ወንዶች ጋር) ፡፡ በሁለተኛ ደረጃ ትምህርት ሴቶችም ሆኑ ወንዶች የቅበላ መጠን 70% ብቻ ነው፡፡ የሶሪያ ስደተኞች ልጆች በተለይም ትልልቅ ታዳጊዎች የትምህርት ዕድሉን አላገኙም፡፡ ከ 6 – 14 ዓመት ካሉ ታዳጊዎች ውስጥ 70% የሚሆኑት ብቻ ትምህርት ይማራሉ፡፡ ከ15 -17 ዓመት ካሉ ታዳጊዎች ውስጥ በትምህርት ገበታ ላይ ያሉ የተማሪዎች መጠን ወደ 22% የወረደ ነው፡፡

አካላዊ ነፃነት፣ ምሉዕነትና ከጥቃት ነጻ መሆን፡ የህጻናት ጋብቻ በሌባኖን ሴት ታዳጊዎች ዘንድ ከስንት አንዴ የሚታይ ሁኔታ ሲሆን በሶሪያ ስድተኞች ዘንድ ግን የተለመደ ጉዳይ ነው፡፡ አንድ ሶስተኛ የሚሆኑት የሶሪያ ልጃገረዶች ከ18 አመት ከመድረሳቸው በፊት ያገባሉ፡፡ ምንም እንኳ የሴቶችንና ስርዓተ ፆታ ጥቃትን (GBV) የተመለከተ ሀገር አቀፍ መረጃ ባይኖርም ፤ ስደተኞች ላይ የተሰሩ ጥናቶች የሚያሳዩት የሶሪያ ልጃገዶች ለስርዓተ ፆታ ጥቃት የተጋለጡ መሆኑን ነው፡፡ ከፍተኛ ድብደባና አካለዊ ጥቃትም ይከናወናል፤ በተለይም በወንድ ታዳጊዎች ላይ፡፡

ጤና ፣ ስነ ምግብና የስነ ተዋልዶ ጤና፡ በሌባኖን ታዳጊዎች አካላዊ ጤና ዙሪያ የተሰሩ ማስረጃዎች ጥቂትና የተበታተኑ ናቸው፡፡ አብዛኛው ታዳጊዎች ላይ እየተለመደ ከመጣው ከመጠን በላይ ውፍረት እና ሱስ ላይ ያተኩራሉ፤ በተለይም በወንዶች ላይ፡፡ በሶሪያ ስድተኞች ዘንድ ከፍተኛ የሆነ የምግብ ዕጥረት ይታያል፡፡ የሊባኖስም ሆኑ የሶርያ ጥቂት ታዳጊዎች ብቻ ስለ ፆታዊና ስነ ተዋልዶ ጤና በቂ መረጃ እንዳላቸው ጥናቶች ያሳያሉ፡፡

የማህበራዊ ስነልቦና ደህንነት፡ አንድ አራተኛ የሚሆኑት የሌባኖን ታዳጊዎች የአእምሮ ጤና ችግር እንዳለባቸው ጥናቶች ያሳያሉ፡፡ ሴት ታዳጊዎች ለውስጣዊ ችግር ማለትም ለድብርትና ጭንቀት የተጋለጡ ሲሆን ወንዶች ደግሞ ለመጥፎ ባህሪያት ተጋላጭ ናቸው፡፡ በመፈናቀላቸውና በድህነታቸው ምክንያት የሶርያ ታዳጊዎች ከዚህ የበለጠ ችግር ያጋጥማቸዋል፡፡ በቤት ውስጥ ተገልለው የሚኖሩት ሴት ታዳጊዎች ደግሞ የበለጠ ተጎጅዎች ናቸው፡፡ 5% የሚሆኑት የሶርያ ሴት ታዳጊዎች ብቻ በህይወታቸው ደስተኞች እንደሆኑ አንድ ጥናት ያሳያል፡፡ አራት አምስተኛ የሚሆኑት የፍልስጤም ታዳጊዎች በአሰቃቂ ገጠመኝ ውስጥ ቢያልፉም ገጠመኙ እንደ መደበኛ ህይዎት ስለሆነላቸው አብዛኞቹ በህይወታቸው ደስተኞች ናቸው፡፡

ድምጽና ዉሳኔ ሰጭነት፡ በሊባኖን በታዳጊዎች ድምጽና ዉሳኔ ሰጭነት ዙሪያ የተሰራ ጥናትና ማስረጃ የለም ማለት ይቻላል፡፡ በጣም ውስን በሆነ የስርዓተ ፆታ ልምድ ምክንያት ሴቶች ከወንዶች የበለጠ ተጎጅዎች ናቸው፡፡ የት መሄድ እንዳለባቸውና እንደለለባቸው ለመወሰን በጣም የተወሰኑ በመሆኑ በማህበረሰባቸው ሕይወት ላይ ያላቸው አስተዋፅኦ ምንም እንደሆነ ይሰማቸዋል፡፡ 

የኢኮኖሚ ተጠቃሚነት፡ አንድ አራተኛ የሚሆኑት ትልልቅ ወንድ ታዳጊዎች ስራ ላይ ናቸው፤ ከአስሩ አንዷ ሴት ታዳጊ ደግሞ ተቀጣሪ ነች፡፡ ይህም የሆነው ሴቶች ከወንዶች በተሻለ ትምህርት ገበታ ላይ ስለሚገኙና በማህበራዊ ልማዱ ዘንድ ሴት ታዳጊዎችና እናቶች ስራ መስራት የለባቸውም ተብሎ ስለሚታመን ነው፡፡ ይህ ደግሞ የሴቶችን ስራ አጥነት እንዲስፋፋ አስተዋፅኦ አድርጓል፤ ይህም ከወንዶች ጋር ሲነፃፀሩ ሴቶች በሁለት እጥፍ ስራ አጥ ናቸው (20% በ 17%)፡፡

ጥናታዊ ማስረጃዎች፡ ከትምህርት ውጭ ስላሉ የሊባኖስ ታዳጊዎች አቅሞች ዙሪያ ጥቂት ብቻ እንደሚታወቅ የኛ ኩነታዊ ትንተና ይደመድማል፡፡ በእርግጥ በሀገሪቱ ላይ ባለው የመደብ ልዩነት አማካይነት ስለእድሜና ስርዓተ ፆታ መረዳት ይከብዳል፡፡ ለመንግስታዊ ያልሆኑ ድርጅቶች የፍላጎት ዳሰሳ ጥናት ምስጋና ይሁንና የሶሪያ ሴት ታዳጊዎች የሚያጋጥማቸውን ችግሮች በደንብ መረዳት ችለናል፤ ለምሳሌ የህፃናት ጋብቻ፡፡ የፍልስጤም ስደተኛ ሴት ታዳጊዎችማ ፍፁም ተረስተዋል፡፡ 

ተዛማጅ ህትመቶች

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14.03.22
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19.10.21
Adolescents in protracted displacement: exploring risks of age- and gender-based violence among Palestine refugees in Jordan, Lebanon and the State of Palestine
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Jordan | Lebanon
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19.05.21
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17.12.20
Through their eyes: exploring the complex drivers of child marriage in humanitarian contexts
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10.11.20
Intersecting vulnerabilities: the impacts of COVID‑19 on the psycho‑emotional lives of young people in low‑ and middle‑income countries
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Ethiopia | Lebanon
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20.10.20
GAGE Lebanon: overview
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19.05.20
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Lebanon
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24.06.18 | Voice and agency | Reports | Lebanon
Building social cohesion in conflict affected communities: a retrospective research study with refugee and host community adolescents in Lebanon
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Evidence reviews
02.10.17
Adolescent girls in Lebanon: the state of the evidence
Education and learning
Lebanon
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02.10.17 | Education and learning | Evidence reviews | Lebanon
Adolescent girls in Lebanon: the state of the evidence
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Toolkits and survey instruments
02.08.17
Adolescent perspectives on services and programmes in conflict affected contexts
Education and learning
Jordan | Lebanon
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02.08.17 | Education and learning | Toolkits and survey instruments | Jordan
Adolescent perspectives on services and programmes in conflict affected contexts
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