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Our research questions

Secondary school students on a break, Bangladesh. Photo: ADB

The three sets of research questions on which GAGE focuses stem from our conceptual framework and include:

1. How do different groups of adolescents in different low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) experience the transition from childhood to adulthood?

  • How do adolescents’ experiences differ by age, gender, disability and geographic location?
  • How do girls and boys experience their worlds as gendered?
  • How do they negotiate the gendered norms and expectations that shape their daily lives?
  • What role do parents, families, communities, service providers and media play in shaping these experiences?
  • What do adolescents think about the services and systems (e.g. schools, health care, justice, etc.) with which they interact?
  • How do institutions, policy and legal frameworks shape adolescents’ lives and trajectories?

2. How are adolescents impacted by programming and policies?

  • How do programmes support adolescent capabilities in the short and longer term?
  • How do programmes impact family, peer and community attitudes, behaviours and norms?
  • How does adolescent-centred programming interact with broader services and systems (e.g. schools, health care, justice, etc.)?

3. What programme characteristics create the largest and most durable impacts on adolescent capabilities?

  • Are interventions focusing on a single capability or level at a time more or less effective than multifaceted programmes reaching across capabilities and change strategies?
  • How should multifaceted and bundled interventions be sequenced?
  • What interventions and which components have the most impact on adolescents of different ages?
  • How often should programme interventions take place and for how long?
  • How important are programme resources (including budget, human resources, infrastructure) to achieve impact?
  • Does programme design affect whether a programme can be scaled up to reach more adolescents?